A little known fact is that all penguins live south of the equator. Many live in cold climates, but a lucky few are in warmer coastal areas. The most northern of these birds are in the Galapagos.
There are 17 penguin species, and none of them can fly. They’ve adapted to swimming by using their wings as flippers. The smallest of these extraordinary creatures is the little blue (New Zealand), or fairy penguin (Australia). By far the largest is the Emperor penguin which is found in Antarctica
Penguins have glands that filter sodium chloride out of water. In other words, they’re able to drink salt water!